A body exercising monetary or regulatory authority at institutional arm's length from the elected government of the day, the "fourth branch" recognized in the modern separation-of-powers literature (Bruce Ackerman, 2000). Belongs here: Central Banking as the general institution, the European Central Bank, and the Environmental Protection Agency. Does not belong here: a government ministry or department that is not institutionally independent of the sitting administration.
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1. Sveriges Riksbank (Wikipedia)
WikipediaSveriges Riksbank, lead sectionQuote, Sveriges Riksbank, lead section
Established in 1668 by the Riksdag, it is the world's oldest surviving central bank, and the third oldest bank in continuous operation.
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