Treaties and Agreements Before 1900

The Peace of Westphalia (German: Westfälischer Friede, pronounced [vɛstˈfɛːlɪʃɐ ˈfʁiːdə] ) is the collective name for two peace treaties signed in October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster.

It was first signed on 6 February 1840 by Captain William Hobson as consul for the Crown and by Māori chiefs (rangatira) from the North Island of New Zealand.

The Akkerman Convention was a treaty signed on October 7, 1826, between the Russian and the Ottoman Empires in the Budjak citadel of Akkerman (present-day Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi, Ukraine).

The Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce (日英修好通商条約, Nichi-Ei Shūkō Tsūshō Jōyaku; The Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Commerce, between Queen Victoria and the tycoon of Japan) was signed on 26 August 1858 by Lord Elgin and the then representatives of the Japanese government (the Tokugawa shogunate), and was ratified between Queen Victoria and the Tycoon of Japan at Yedo on 11 July 1859.

The Austro-Serbian Convention of 1881 (German: Geheimvertrag zwischen Österreich-Ungarn und Serbien |Hungarian: Osztrák-magyar-szerb titkos egyezmény |Serbian: Аустро-српски савез из 1881) was a secret bilateral treaty that was signed in Belgrade on 28 June 1881 by Gabriel Freiherr Herbert-Rathkeal on behalf of Austria-Hungary and by Čedomilj Mijatović on behalf of the Principality of Serbia.

The Anglo-Moroccan Treaty of 1856 was a treaty between Morocco and the United Kingdom signed in Tangier on 9 December 1856.

The Anglo-French Convention of 1898, full name the Convention between Great Britain and France for the Delimitation of their respective Possessions to the West of the Niger, and of their respective Possessions and Spheres of Influence to the East of that River, also known as the Niger Convention, was an agreement between Britain and France that concluded the partition of West Africa between the colonial powers by finally fixing the borders in the disputed areas of Northern Nigeria.

Austro-Russian Alliance refers to the treaty of military alliance signed by the Habsburg monarchy and the Russian Empire in May-June 1781.