Louis Bonaparte (1778 to 1846), born Luigi Buonaparte in Corsica, was a younger brother of Napoleon I and reigned as Louis I, King of Holland, from 1806 to 1810. He was the fifth surviving child of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino, followed his older brothers into the French Army and benefited from Napoleon's patronage. In 1802 he married his step-niece Hortense de Beauharnais, daughter of Empress Josephine. Napoleon established the Kingdom of Holland in 1806 in place of the Batavian Commonwealth and appointed Louis its king, intending a puppet state, but Louis tried to rule as independently as possible and became quite popular with his new subjects. Tired of his brother's wilfulness, Napoleon annexed Holland into the French Empire in 1810 and Louis went into exile. His youngest son, Louis-Napoleon, later founded the Second French Empire in 1852 as Napoleon III.
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Source Louis Bonaparte (Wikipedia)Lead, kingdomQuote, Lead, kingdom
ruling over the Kingdom of Holland (a French client state roughly corresponding to the modern-day Netherlands)
Sources
1. Louis Bonaparte (Wikipedia)
Lead, birth year
Louis Bonaparte (born Luigi Buonaparte; 2 September 1778-25 July 1846)
Lead, family
was a younger brother of Napoleon I, Emperor of the French
Lead, reign
He was a monarch in his own right from 1806 to 1810
Lead, kingdom
ruling over the Kingdom of Holland (a French client state roughly corresponding to the modern-day Netherlands)
Reign, abdication
On 1 July 1810, Louis abdicated in favour of his second
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