Louis X of France

Louis X (1289 to 1316), known as the Quarrelsome (le Hutin), was King of France from 1314 and King of Navarre, as Louis I, from 1305 until his death. He emancipated serfs, who could buy their freedom, and readmitted Jews into the kingdom. His short reign in France was marked by tensions with the nobility, arising from fiscal and centralisation reforms begun in his father's reign by the Grand Chamberlain Enguerrand de Marigny. His first wife, Margaret, was implicated in the Tour de Nesle affair, found guilty of infidelity and imprisoned until her death in August 1315. Louis then married Clemence of Hungary, and died in 1316 leaving her pregnant. Her son was proclaimed king as John I but lived only five days, and Louis's brother Philip, Count of Poitiers, succeeded as Philip V of France.