Winston Churchill

Winston Churchill led the Conservative Party and served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955, and is most remembered for leading Britain through the Second World War after becoming Prime Minister in May 1940, refusing to negotiate with Nazi Germany during the period when Britain stood largely alone against it. A 2019 scientific study attributed the Bengal famine of 1943, in which an estimated three million people died, primarily to wartime policy decisions, including grain export and import restrictions, made under his government rather than to drought; Churchill also held racial and imperial views typical of his class and era, including opposition to Indian self-government, that are recorded as part of his record rather than set aside from it.